Storage and retrieval Processes

Storage
Storage is the retention of information over time. This second stage of memory process creates a permanent record of encoded information. We can accumulate information in three main storage areas: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Information is stored sequentially in the three memory systems, and the storage area varies according to time frames. The period of time the information is retained is anywhere from a fraction of a second to years.
Sensory memory only stores information for a brief second.
Short-term memory can hold information longer, but it is only usually about 30-40 seconds.
Long-term memory, however, can last a lifetime.
Retrieval
Retrieval is the process of recalling stored information from memory. Basically, it is getting information out of your long-term memory and returning it to your conscious mind.
Recognition and Recall: There are two main methods of retrieving memories:
1. Recognition
2. Recall

Recognition
Recognition is the association of something with something previously experiences. It involves comparing new information with something previously experienced. It involves comparing new information with information stored in memory. The recognition process is initiated as a response to a sensory cue. When you see something, you compare it to information stored in memory. Hence, you recognize it. For example, you may go to a party and see a person you recognize from a prior experience.
Recall
Recall is the retrieval of information from memory without a cue. If a person asks you a question, you must search your memory to recall the answer. It involves remembering a fact, event or information that is not currently physically present. For example, you may have to recall the list of items you had on your shopping list.